സെപ്റ്റംമ്പര്‍ 29- ലോകഹൃദയദിനം
ഗവേഷണരംഗത്ത്അതിനൂതനപരിശോധനോപാധികളും
ചികിത്സാമുറകളുമു ണ്ടെങ്കിലും
അവയ്ക്കൊന്നും ഹൃദയദിനത്തില്‍
സ്ഥാനമില്ലെന്നോര്‍ക്കണം. അന്‍ജിയോപ്ലാസ്റ്റി,
സ്റ്റെന്‍ഡിങ്,
ബൈപാസ് സര്‍ജറി... ഇവയെല്ലാം
രോഗം തീവ്രമായ ശേഷമുള്ള
ചികിത്സാവിധി കളാണ്. എന്നാല്‍
അവയെക്കാള്‍ പ്രാധാന്യം
മനുഷ്യശരീരത്തെ ഹൃദ്രോഗബാധയില്‍നിന്ന്
പരി രക്ഷിക്കാനുതകുന്ന നാനാവിധ
പ്രതിരോധ മാര്‍ഗങ്ങള്‍ക്കാണെന്ന്
ഹൃദയദിനം അടിവരയിട്ട്
പറയുന്നു
The heart is a muscular organ in humans and many other animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system.[1] The blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients, as well as removing metabolic wastes. The heart is located in the middle compartment (mediastinum) of the chest.[2]
In mammals and birds the heart is divided into four chambers: upper left and right atria; and lower left and right ventricles.[3]
In the upper part of both atria is an atrial appendage, the right
atrial appendage and the left atrial appendage. Commonly the right
atrium and ventricle are referred together as the right heart and their left counterparts as the left heart.[4] Blood normally flows one way through the heart due to heart valves, which prevent backflow.[2] The heart is enclosed in a protective sac, the pericardium, which also contains a small amount of fluid. The wall of the heart is made up of three layers: epicardium; myocardium; and endocardium.[5]
The heart pumps blood through both circulatory systems. Blood low in oxygen from the systemic circulation enters the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cavae and than passes to the right ventricle. From here it is pumped through the pulmonary circulation, to the lungs
where it receives oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide. Oxygenated blood
then returns to the left atrium, passes through the left ventricle and
is pumped out through the aorta to the systemic circulation−where the oxygen is used and metabolized to carbon dioxide. Normally with each heartbeat, the right ventricle pumps the same amount of blood into the lungs as the left ventricle pumps out into the body. Veins transport blood to the heart, while arteries
transport blood away from the heart, regardless of oxygenation-level,
(e.g. the pulmonary arteries carry blood low in oxygen from the heart to
the lungs). Veins normally have lower pressures than arteries.[2][6]
The heart and circulatory system are required for life and cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in the world, globally accounting for 30 % of all deaths in 2008.[7][8] The primary death-causing diseases are coronary artery disease and stroke.[7] The heart contracts at a rate of roughly 72 beats per minute (at rest).[6] Exercise temporarily increases this rate, but lowers resting heart rate in the long term, and is good for heart health.[9] Poor heart health increases the risk of CVD–preventable factors causing poor heart health are smoking, being overweight, not enough exercise, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure, depression among others.[citation needed] The human heart and associated cardiovascular diseases are studied and primarily treated by cardiologists, although many specialties of medicine may be involved with their treatment.[8] Diagnosis of CVD is often done by listening to the heart-sounds with a stethoscope, ECG or by ultrasound.[2]
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